The following information was presented
in this chapter:
The United States was experiencing a great amount of conflict.
The North and the South were divided for their opinions on two major
economic reasons: slavery and
tariffs. The result was a struggle
between the two for a balance of power in Congress
where the laws were made. As compromise
became increasingly difficult it looked as if war were inevitable.
Tariffs were introduced
that taxed goods that were brought into the country. These included
import tariffs, protective tariffs, and The Tariff of Abominations.
Overall these tariffs had more effect on the South than on the
North so the southern people were extremely opposed to the tariffs.
President Andrew Jackson introduced a compromise solution in
which both sides gave up a little bit on the issue of tariffs and
conflict was avoided.
Sectional disagreements over slavery arose. The southern states
believed in keeping slaves and the northern states believed in freedom
for all. Since both sides had an equal number of states there was
a balance of power in Congress.
The Missouri Compromise drew a line down the middle of the Louisiana
territory and maintained the balance of power in congress.
The compromise of 1850 introduced California as a free state
in the North, popular
sovereignty for both sides, and a fugitive
slave law for the South.
The fugitive slave law went against the beliefs of the Northerners
and some became abolitionists
who actively sought to free slaves
The Kansas-Nebraska Act made it possible for slavery to spread.
The Dred Scott decision by the Supreme Court said that anyone
could own slaves in a federal territory.
The Republican party was formed and wanted to stop the spread
of slavery.
The Democratic party split into two groups, one in the North and
one in the South, resulting in communication problems.
Important dates to remember:
1812 United States was at war with Britain.
1819 Balance of power was equal with 11 states on each side.
1850 Compromise of 1850.
1857 Dred Scott decision by the Supreme Court.
1854 The Republican party was formed.
1856 The election of 1856 established
Republican party as a force.
1860 The election of 1860 ended hope of compromise
Who's who in this chapter:
President Andrew Jackson introduced a compromise solution.
Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise.
Harriet Beecher Stowe and Harriet Tubman helped many slaves escape.
John Brown was a radical
abolitionist.
Robert E. Lee led troops who captured
John Brown.
Dred Scott was a slave who tried to sue in a federal court and
lost.
Stephen Douglas wanted a new railroad going from Chicago to California.
James Buchanan was a northern Democrat who was favorable to the
South.
John C.Fremont was the Republican candidate for President.
Abraham Lincoln was Republican who went on to be President.
John C. Brecknidge was a Democrat who lost the Presidential election.
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